The Founding of the
Family
Though the original charter has been lost, it is known that
between 1170 and 1178 the lands of Arbuthnott were granted to Osbert Olifard by King
William the Lion of Scotland, almost certainly as a knight's fee. Osbert's father, David
Olifard, had been the King's right-hand mand and the King David I's godson, so the family
stood high in royal favour.
Osbert the Crusader, as he was called, soon
left for the Holy Land. He appointed Walter Olifard, probably his elder brother, as his
heir, and the land was leased for the next six years to Isaac of Benvie. Then Walter, who
had other lands, on hearing of the death abroad of Osbert, sub-fefted (granted) the estate
to Hugh of Swinton, kinsman of the Earl of March and descendant of an ancient saxon noble
family. It was his son and heir, Duncan, who first took Arbuthnot(t) as his name.
The genealogy of the
"main branch"
The Spelling of Arbuthnot(t)
It is remarkable that there are now only two spellings of
the name. Until the latter part of the eighteenth century little attention was paid to how
a name was spelt and there are records of many interesting variations on the theme. They
range from Arboythneth and Arbuthnotht to Arburthnet. Therefore the fact that there
remains only the minor difference involving the inclusion or exclusion of the final 't'
shows an astonishing uniformity amongst later generations.
The reasons for this small variation may stem from the fact
that, once spelling became a matter of importance, those members of the family who had
travelled away from the area fixed on the form 'Arbuthnot', while those who remained
nearby chose to follow the spelling of the place-name, the ending of which had evolved
from 'th to tt'.
Queen Victoria herself had an opinion on the matter. She
remarked to her equerry, General Charles Arbuthnot, that she did not know why he did not
spell his name with two t's, as Lord Arbuthnott did for she knew they were the same
family.
The name is pronounced with the accent on the second
syllable - except in North America where they put the accent on the first. The descendants
of James Lycurgus Arbuthnot
pronounce the name "Arbernot" which is not otherwise heard. (Arbuthnot has a
different value from Arbernot under the soundex system).
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